Cartographic scale is the scale used in the map. This is the ration between the real size of the objects on Earth and the size of it in the map.
Analytic scale is associated with the analytical balance or the one measuring the small mass in the sub – milligram range.
Geographic scale is the scale on how you look at a specific place. This is a concept on how you look at a specific demographic. You may want to look at it globally, per region, per country, or per city.
